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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple for a rear door to get beyond the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a rear door or similar hack exists, it becomes a target, a decoration for the poor guys. It will leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to maintain a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel with these options.
One sort of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disc that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, all the documents you put into it are completely inaccessible. .
Similar to the virtual drive solution, some products store your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a much bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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That is better It really depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each one of those products to have a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a document into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you skip the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disc, and data retrieval utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disk with an encrypted version. It's more common, however, to provide secure deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions because the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, with the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the products accumulated here service AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption specialist, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the average user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. The other is private, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
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Using this system in reverse, you can make a digital signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.